Ifuthe leerhafu zorhwebo kuthutho lwempahla phakathi kweTshayina ne-US

Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ubudlelwane borhwebo phakathi kwe-US-China bebusembindini weengxoxo zoqoqosho lwehlabathi. Ukumiselwa kwemirhumo yorhwebo kuyitshintshe kakhulu imeko yorhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe kwaye ibe neempembelelo ezihlala ixesha elide ekuthuthweni ngenqanawe kunye nokubonelela ngeenqanawa. Ukuqonda impembelelo yezi ntlawulo kubalulekile kumashishini, abenzi bomgaqo-nkqubo, kunye nabathengi.
Kulithamsanqa, sikwathumela kwimarike yaseYurophu kunye neyethu i-chelsea work boot idumile ngoku.

Enye yeziphumo ezithe ngqo zezi ntlawulo kumaxabiso eempahla. Kubathengi base-US, iirhafu kwiimveliso zaseTshayina zikhokelela kumaxabiso aphezulu, kwaye oku kunyuka kwamaxabiso ngokuqhelekileyo kugqithiselwa kubathengi. Oku kukhokelela ekutshintsheni kwindlela yokuziphatha yokuthenga, abanye abathengi bakhetha ukuthenga izinto eziveliswe ekhaya okanye iimveliso ezivela kwamanye amazwe ukuphepha iindleko ezongezelelweyo. Ngenxa yoko, ukuhanjiswa okuvela e-China kuye kwaguquguquka, kwaye ezinye iindidi zifumana ukwehla ngelixa ezinye ziye zahlala zizinzile okanye zikhulile. Iimveliso zethu eziphambiliIzihlangu zoKhuseleko, kwaye ngoku kunzima ukufumana ukuthunyelwa kwexabiso elihle.

Ukongeza, iintlawulo ziye zakhuthaza iinkampani ezininzi ukuba ziphinde zivavanye kwakhona ikhonkco labo lokubonelela. Iinkampani ezithembele kakhulu kwimveliso yaseTshayina zijongene nemingeni yokugcina inzuzo njengoko iindleko zinyuka ngenxa yamaxabiso. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, ezinye iinkampani zifuna ukwahlula ikhonkco lonikezelo ngokuhambisa imveliso kumazwe anamaxabiso aphantsi okanye ukutyala imali kwimveliso yasekhaya. Olu tshintsho lukhokelele kuhlengahlengiso lweendlela zokuthumela ngenqanawa kwihlabathi jikelele kunye nolungiselelo njengoko iinkampani ziqhelana nemeko entsha yezoqoqosho.

Impembelelo yeerhafu zorhwebo kwimithamo yempahla ayipheleli eUnited States nase China. Iziphumo zeripple zivakala kwihlabathi jikelele njengoko amazwe asebenza njengabalamleli kwikhonkco lobonelelo ekwafumana utshintsho kutshintsho kurhwebo. Umzekelo, amazwe akuMzantsi-mpuma weAsia abone ukukhula kwimveliso njengoko iinkampani zifuna ukususa imveliso eTshayina. Eminye imithwalo elwandle yelizwe ikwanyusa iindleko, kubaiibhutsi ezityheli zokhuseleko ze-cowboyishishini lokuthumela ngaphandle, lifuna uhlengahlengiso.

Ukongeza, ukungaqiniseki komgaqo-nkqubo worhwebo kudale imeko engalindelekanga kwiinkampani ezibandakanyeka kurhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe. Iinkampani zihlala zixakene nengxaki, zingaqinisekanga ngamaxabiso exesha elizayo kunye nemimiselo enxulumene noko. Nangona kunjalo sinethemba lokuthumela iimveliso zethu kumazwe angaphandle.

Njengoko imeko ikhula, iinkampani kufuneka zihlale zinolwazi malunga nokuvela kwemigaqo-nkqubo yorhwebo yase-US-China. Ukwamkelwa kwezicwangciso-qhinga zolawulo lomngcipheko, ezinje ngokuguqula ababoneleli kunye nokuphonononga iimarike ezizezinye, kunokunceda ukunciphisa ifuthe leentlawulo kuthutho. Ukongeza, iinkampani kufuneka ziqwalasele utyalo-mali kwitekhnoloji kunye nezisombululo zolungiselelo lokuphucula ukubonakala kobonelelo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle.

Isishwankathelo, imirhumo yorhwebo phakathi kweTshayina ne-United States ibe nempembelelo enkulu ekuthuthweni kwenqanawa kunye nembonakalo yorhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe. Njengoko iinkampani zihamba kule meko intsonkothileyo, ukuqonda impembelelo yezi ntlawulo kubalulekile ukugcina ukukhuphisana nokuqinisekisa ukuhamba kakuhle kwempahla ukuwela imida. Imbonakalo yorhwebo phakathi kwezi ngxilimbela zibini zezoqoqosho isahleli ingaqinisekanga, kodwa ukuziqhelanisa nokucwangciswa kobuchule kubalulekile kwimpumelelo kwimeko etshintsha ngokukhawuleza.

Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ubudlelwane borhwebo phakathi kwe-US-China bebusembindini weengxoxo zoqoqosho lwehlabathi. Ukumiselwa kwemirhumo yorhwebo kuyitshintshe kakhulu imeko yorhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe kwaye ibe neempembelelo ezihlala ixesha elide ekuthuthweni ngenqanawe kunye nokubonelela ngeenqanawa. Ukuqonda impembelelo yezi ntlawulo kubalulekile kumashishini, abenzi bomgaqo-nkqubo, kunye nabathengi.

Imirhumo yorhwebo ziirhafu ezibekwa ngurhulumente kwizinto ezithengwa kumazwe angaphandle. Zihlala zisetyenziswa njengesixhobo sokukhusela amashishini asekhaya kukhuphiswano lwangaphandle, kodwa zinokukhokelela kumaxabiso aphezulu abathengi kwaye zicinezele ubudlelwane bamazwe ngamazwe. Imfazwe yorhwebo yase-US-China eyaqhambuka ngonyaka ka-2018 ikhokelele ekubeni omabini la mazwe abeke imirhumo kumakhulu eebhiliyoni zeedola zempahla. Le ndlela ye-tit-for-tat ibe nempembelelo enkulu kurhwebo phakathi kwala mazwe mabini.

Enye yeziphumo ezithe ngqo zezi ntlawulo kumaxabiso eempahla. Kubathengi base-US, iirhafu kwiimveliso zaseTshayina zikhokelela kumaxabiso aphezulu, kwaye oku kunyuka kwamaxabiso ngokuqhelekileyo kugqithiselwa kubathengi. Oku kukhokelela ekutshintsheni kwindlela yokuziphatha yokuthenga, abanye abathengi bakhetha ukuthenga izinto eziveliswe ekhaya okanye iimveliso ezivela kwamanye amazwe ukuphepha iindleko ezongezelelweyo. Ngenxa yoko, ukuhanjiswa okuvela e-China kuye kwaguquguquka, kwaye ezinye iindidi zifumana ukwehla ngelixa ezinye ziye zahlala zizinzile okanye zikhulile.

Ukongeza, iintlawulo ziye zakhuthaza iinkampani ezininzi ukuba ziphinde zivavanye kwakhona ikhonkco labo lokubonelela. Iinkampani ezithembele kakhulu kwimveliso yaseTshayina zijongene nemingeni yokugcina inzuzo njengoko iindleko zinyuka ngenxa yamaxabiso. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, ezinye iinkampani zifuna ukwahlula ikhonkco lonikezelo ngokuhambisa imveliso kumazwe anamaxabiso aphantsi okanye ukutyala imali kwimveliso yasekhaya. Olu tshintsho lukhokelele kuhlengahlengiso lweendlela zokuthumela ngenqanawa kwihlabathi jikelele kunye nolungiselelo njengoko iinkampani ziqhelana nemeko entsha yezoqoqosho.

Impembelelo yeerhafu zorhwebo kwimithamo yempahla ayipheleli eUnited States nase China. Iziphumo zeripple zivakala kwihlabathi jikelele njengoko amazwe asebenza njengabalamleli kwikhonkco lobonelelo ekwafumana utshintsho kutshintsho kurhwebo. Umzekelo, amazwe akuMzantsi-mpuma weAsia abone ukukhula kwimveliso njengoko iinkampani zifuna ukususa imveliso eTshayina. Oku kukhokelele ekwenyukeni kwemithamo yempahla esuka kula mazwe isiya eUnited States njengoko iinkampani zizama ukunciphisa ifuthe leentlawulo kwiingeniso zazo.

Ukongeza, ukungaqiniseki komgaqo-nkqubo worhwebo kudale imeko engalindelekanga kwiinkampani ezibandakanyeka kurhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe. Iinkampani zihlala zixakene nengxaki, zingaqinisekanga ngamaxabiso exesha elizayo kunye nemimiselo enxulumene noko. Oku kungaqiniseki kunokubangela ukulibaziseka kokuthunyelwa, njengoko iinkampani zinokuthandabuza ukubeka ii-odolo ezinkulu okanye utyalo-mali kwi-inventri entsha de zibe nokuqonda okucacileyo kwimeko yorhwebo.

Njengoko imeko ikhula, iinkampani kufuneka zihlale zinolwazi malunga nokuvela kwemigaqo-nkqubo yorhwebo yase-US-China. Ukwamkelwa kwezicwangciso-qhinga zolawulo lomngcipheko, ezinje ngokuguqula ababoneleli kunye nokuphonononga iimarike ezizezinye, kunokunceda ukunciphisa ifuthe leentlawulo kuthutho. Ukongeza, iinkampani kufuneka ziqwalasele utyalo-mali kwitekhnoloji kunye nezisombululo zolungiselelo lokuphucula ukubonakala kobonelelo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle.

Isishwankathelo, imirhumo yorhwebo phakathi kweTshayina ne-United States ibe nempembelelo enkulu ekuthuthweni kwenqanawa kunye nembonakalo yorhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe. Njengoko iinkampani zihamba kule meko intsonkothileyo, ukuqonda impembelelo yezi ntlawulo kubalulekile ukugcina ukukhuphisana nokuqinisekisa ukuhamba kakuhle kwempahla ukuwela imida. Imbonakalo yorhwebo phakathi kwezi ngxilimbela zibini zezoqoqosho isahleli ingaqinisekanga, kodwa ukuziqhelanisa nokucwangciswa kobuchule kubalulekile kwimpumelelo kwimeko etshintsha ngokukhawuleza.

Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ubudlelwane borhwebo phakathi kwe-US-China bebusembindini weengxoxo zoqoqosho lwehlabathi. Ukumiselwa kwemirhumo yorhwebo kuyitshintshe kakhulu imeko yorhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe kwaye ibe neempembelelo ezihlala ixesha elide ekuthuthweni ngenqanawe kunye nokubonelela ngeenqanawa. Ukuqonda impembelelo yezi ntlawulo kubalulekile kumashishini, abenzi bomgaqo-nkqubo, kunye nabathengi.

Imirhumo yorhwebo ziirhafu ezibekwa ngurhulumente kwizinto ezithengwa kumazwe angaphandle. Zihlala zisetyenziswa njengesixhobo sokukhusela amashishini asekhaya kukhuphiswano lwangaphandle, kodwa zinokukhokelela kumaxabiso aphezulu abathengi kwaye zicinezele ubudlelwane bamazwe ngamazwe. Imfazwe yorhwebo yase-US-China eyaqhambuka ngonyaka ka-2018 ikhokelele ekubeni omabini la mazwe abeke imirhumo kumakhulu eebhiliyoni zeedola zempahla. Le ndlela ye-tit-for-tat ibe nempembelelo enkulu kurhwebo phakathi kwala mazwe mabini.

Enye yeziphumo ezithe ngqo zezi ntlawulo kumaxabiso eempahla. Kubathengi base-US, iirhafu kwiimveliso zaseTshayina zikhokelela kumaxabiso aphezulu, kwaye oku kunyuka kwamaxabiso ngokuqhelekileyo kugqithiselwa kubathengi. Oku kukhokelela ekutshintsheni kwindlela yokuziphatha yokuthenga, abanye abathengi bakhetha ukuthenga izinto eziveliswe ekhaya okanye iimveliso ezivela kwamanye amazwe ukuphepha iindleko ezongezelelweyo. Ngenxa yoko, ukuhanjiswa okuvela e-China kuye kwaguquguquka, kwaye ezinye iindidi zifumana ukwehla ngelixa ezinye ziye zahlala zizinzile okanye zikhulile.

Ukongeza, iintlawulo ziye zakhuthaza iinkampani ezininzi ukuba ziphinde zivavanye kwakhona ikhonkco labo lokubonelela. Iinkampani ezithembele kakhulu kwimveliso yaseTshayina zijongene nemingeni yokugcina inzuzo njengoko iindleko zinyuka ngenxa yamaxabiso. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, ezinye iinkampani zifuna ukwahlula ikhonkco lonikezelo ngokuhambisa imveliso kumazwe anamaxabiso aphantsi okanye ukutyala imali kwimveliso yasekhaya. Olu tshintsho lukhokelele kuhlengahlengiso lweendlela zokuthumela ngenqanawa kwihlabathi jikelele kunye nolungiselelo njengoko iinkampani ziqhelana nemeko entsha yezoqoqosho.

Impembelelo yeerhafu zorhwebo kwimithamo yempahla ayipheleli eUnited States nase China. Iziphumo zeripple zivakala kwihlabathi jikelele njengoko amazwe asebenza njengabalamleli kwikhonkco lobonelelo ekwafumana utshintsho kutshintsho kurhwebo. Umzekelo, amazwe akuMzantsi-mpuma weAsia abone ukukhula kwimveliso njengoko iinkampani zifuna ukususa imveliso eTshayina. Oku kukhokelele ekwenyukeni kwemithamo yempahla esuka kula mazwe isiya eUnited States njengoko iinkampani zizama ukunciphisa ifuthe leentlawulo kwiingeniso zazo.

Ukongeza, ukungaqiniseki komgaqo-nkqubo worhwebo kudale imeko engalindelekanga kwiinkampani ezibandakanyeka kurhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe. Iinkampani zihlala zixakene nengxaki, zingaqinisekanga ngamaxabiso exesha elizayo kunye nemimiselo enxulumene noko. Oku kungaqiniseki kunokubangela ukulibaziseka kokuthunyelwa, njengoko iinkampani zinokuthandabuza ukubeka ii-odolo ezinkulu okanye utyalo-mali kwi-inventri entsha de zibe nokuqonda okucacileyo kwimeko yorhwebo.

Njengoko imeko ikhula, iinkampani kufuneka zihlale zinolwazi malunga nokuvela kwemigaqo-nkqubo yorhwebo yase-US-China. Ukwamkelwa kwezicwangciso-qhinga zolawulo lomngcipheko, ezinje ngokuguqula ababoneleli kunye nokuphonononga iimarike ezizezinye, kunokunceda ukunciphisa ifuthe leentlawulo kuthutho. Ukongeza, iinkampani kufuneka ziqwalasele utyalo-mali kwitekhnoloji kunye nezisombululo zolungiselelo lokuphucula ukubonakala kobonelelo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle.

Isishwankathelo, imirhumo yorhwebo phakathi kweTshayina ne-United States ibe nempembelelo enkulu ekuthuthweni kwenqanawa kunye nembonakalo yorhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe. Njengoko iinkampani zihamba kule meko intsonkothileyo, ukuqonda impembelelo yezi ntlawulo kubalulekile ukugcina ukukhuphisana nokuqinisekisa ukuhamba kakuhle kwempahla ukuwela imida. Imbonakalo yorhwebo phakathi kwezi ngxilimbela zibini zezoqoqosho isahleli ingaqinisekanga, kodwa ukuziqhelanisa nokucwangciswa kobuchule kubalulekile kwimpumelelo kwimeko etshintsha ngokukhawuleza.