I-US Tariff Iyakhuphuka E-China I-Shape Safety Shoe Export Landscape

Izinqubomgomo zentela eziqinile zikahulumeni wase-US eziqondise ezimpahleni zaseShayina, okuhlanganisaizicathulo zokuphepha, ithumele ama-shockwaves ngamaketanga okunikezela emhlabeni wonke, anomthelela ikakhulukazi kubakhiqizi nabathumela kwamanye amazwe e-China. Kusukela ngo-April 2025, amanani entengo okuthengiswa ngaphandle kwe-China akhuphuke afinyelela ku-145% ngaphansi kohlaka "lwentela ehambisanayo", izintela ezengeziwe ezihambisana nokukhathazeka okuhlobene ne-fentanyl. Lokhu kunyuka kuphoqe abathumeli bezicathulo zokuphepha ukuthi bacabange kabusha amasu, bazulazule ezingcindezini zezindleko, bahlole namathuba amasha emakethe.

Imithelela Ethize Embonini

Izicathulo zokuphepha, ezifakwe ngaphansi kwe-HS Code 6402, zibhekene nezindleko eziphakeme ezisongela imingcele yenzuzo. Isibonelo, i-pair of Chinese-ezenziweizicathulo zokuphepha kubiza u-$20 ukukhiqiza manje kungenisa u-$5–$7 ezinkokhelweni ngaphansi kwesilinganiso esisha sika-20–30%, okuphusha amanani okudayisa afinyelele ku-$110. Lokhu kucekele phansi ukuncintisana kwe-China emakethe yase-US, lapho izicathulo zokuphepha ezibiza izigidigidi ezingu-137.4 zama-RMB (amabhiliyoni angu-19) zathunyelwa ngaphandle ngo-2024.

Inkinga ihlanganiswa nokuphazamiseka kwe-supply chain. Abakhiqizi abaningi ngaphambilini bashintshe ukukhiqizwa bayiswa eNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia ukuze bagweme amanani entengo ase-US, kodwa iVietnam manje ibhekene nentela engu-46% yokuthunyelwa kwezicathulo kwamanye amazwe, okuqhubeka nokumpintsha amamajini. Isibonelo, i-Nike, ethola uhhafu wezicathulo zayo eVietnam, ingase idinge ukunyusa amanani ngo-10-12% ukuze inciphise izindleko.

Izimpendulo Zenkampani kanye Nezinto Ezintsha

Abathengisi bezicathulo zokuphepha baseShayina bazivumelanisa nezimo ngokuhlukahluka kanye nokwenza ngcono izindleko. Isifundazwe saseFujian, okuyisizinda esikhulu sokukhiqiza, sibone izinkampani ezifana ne-Zhangzhou Kaista Trading zigxila emikhiqizweni enenani eliphezulu njenge-anti-static kanyeanti-impact izicathulo, ukuzuza ukukhula kokuthekelisa okungu-180% ngo-2024. Abanye basebenzisa izivumelwano zohwebo lwamahhala (ama-FTA) ukuze kuhanjiswe kabusha ukuthunyelwa. Isibonelo, i-Guangdong Baizhuo Shoes isebenzisa izinzuzo ze-RCEP ukuze ithumele ezimakethe ze-ASEAN, inciphisa ukuthembela e-US.

Ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe ngelinye isu. Izinkampani ezinjengoPutian Customs-certified abakhiqizi batshala imali ezicathulweni zokuphepha ezihlakaniphile ezinezinzwa ezakhelwe ngaphakathi zokutholwa kwengozi ngesikhathi sangempela, ezihambisana nesidingo somhlaba wonke se-ergonomic ne-IoT-integrated PPE. Lolu shintsho aluthuthukisi kuphela inani lomkhiqizo kodwa futhi lufanelekela ukukhululwa enteleni ngaphansi kwe-US HTSUS 9903.01.34 uma izingxenye ezitholakala e-US zeqa u-20%.

Ukumisa Kabusha Imakethe

Imakethe yezicathulo zokuphepha yase-US ibhekela ukuncipha kwesidingo. Ukuthengiswa kwezicathulo kwehle ngo-26.2% YoY ngo-Q1 2025 ngenxa yokwehla kwamandla emali kanye nokwenyuka kwentengo okuqhutshwa intela. Ngaleso sikhathi, i-China ivela njengenye imakethe ebalulekile. Imikhiqizo yamazwe ngamazwe efana ne-On Running ihlela ukuphindaphinda kabili e-China, ihlose ukuthola ingxenye engu-10% yokuthengiswa komhlaba wonke ngo-2025.

Abahlaziyi babikezela ukukhula kwemakethe yezicathulo zokuphepha emhlabeni wonke ngama-dollar ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-2.2 ngo-2029, okuqhutshwa imithetho eqinile yokuphepha nokukhula kwezimboni. Amafemu aseShayina ami kahle ukuze abambe lokhu kukhula ngokugxila ezintweni eziluhlaza kanye nokwenza ngokwezifiso, njengemiklamo elwa nokushelela yokwakha kanye izinsimbi zikawoyela.

I-Outlook Yesikhathi Eside 

Nakuba amanani entengo adala izinselelo ezisheshayo, aphinde asheshise amashifu esakhiwo. Abathekelisi bamukela isu elithi "China+1", elisungula ukukhiqizwa kwekhophi yasenqolobaneni e-Mexico naseLatin America ukuze kudlule izintela zase-US. Ngokomgomo, izintela zokuphindisela zase-China ezimpahleni zase-US kanye nezingxabano ze-WTO "ngezintela ezihlonyiwe" zengeza ukungaqiniseki.

Kafushane, impi yentela yase-US-China ilungisa kabushaisicathulo sokuphephaimboni, ukuphoqa ukusungula izinto ezintsha kanye nokuhlukahluka. Izinkampani ezibeka phambili ukushesha, ukuhlanganiswa kwezobuchwepheshe, nezimakethe ezisafufusa kungenzeka zibhekane nesivunguvungu, kuyilapho lezo ezithembele kumaketanga okunikezwayo avamile zibhekana nezimo ezinzima.